GWF Hegel and the Development of Moral Integrity Essay

Moral integrity is the core and purpose of Hegel’s moral writing. The point is to reconnect mankind with the nature and purpose of their development, something that Bookchin shares. Moral integrity is a process, a process that develops only through institutions, and hence, is perfectly a part of this paper: ethical integrity is a social integrity, both created by and mediated by institutions (Horowitz, 1966, 8). For Hegel, these institutions are three-fold, the family, the civil (economic) society, and the state itself. These three things work together to form to integral personality and mediate it through the various elements of day to day life. While often highly rarified and theoretical, it seems that Hegel, in reality, is the most practical of all the writers we have examined. The moral personality as an integral unit is mediated through, first, the family. Initially the moral personality is seen as the opposite of integral: completely and absolutely free to adopt any end whatsoever. This is not a good things, but is the very source of capriciousness and arbitrariness. The entire point of building the morally integral person is to provide this otherwise empty will with purpose and content. The first institution to do this is the biological family. In this first and vital institution, the human person is shaped to love and to see oneself in the other. Mutual aid is a fact in the family, and such mutual aid seeks no profit, but exists in and of itself, helping and assisting for the sake of loving (Horowitz, 1966, 12). But this institution, as significant as it is, is not self-sufficient. In order to function and survive, it needs to be a part of the broader society and its productive capacities, hence, it passes over into what Hegel calls â€Å"civil society. † This second institution is similar to Locke’s principle of productive property. This is the realm of free action, of the drive to manifest one’s personality in work. Here, it is morally legitimate and useful for a person to seek gain and profit. The family was the arena for love and self-sacrifice, civil society is the arena for its opposite. But, just as the family is not self sufficient, neither is the market. The market leads to oligarchy ane the domination of capital. If unchecked, as Bookchin reminds us, the market will take on a life of its own, and all things will be valued on the basis of their monetary value. Hence, the economic life of the people will finally resolve itself into the state, a far more complex manifestation of the family, headed by the king, a patriarch (Yack, 1980, 710-712). The state manifests the universal mind of the people. Locke and Proudhon hold that the true nature of the natural law has its repository in the people: here, it is the people coming together in the state, the state as the ultimate integral individual. So while all three of the above writers saw the state as a problem, Hegel views it as the solution. If natural law and moral integrity are a single concept with basically a single content, then the central state becomes all important as the physical manifestation of this. What is significant is that all four of these writers got to their conclusions in the very same way, through the application of natural law in the construction of morally integral beings. 5. Conclusion All four of these writers used natural law. All four denounced the world of market capitalism that is not restrained by natural law. All four sought to define the integral individual. Locke sought to define this in the property owner, virtuous in the respect that he would not judge in his own case, but he will be a part of a limited state that would objectively apply civil law to criminal cases. Proudhon rejected the state, and defined the integral person as a producer, a part of a guild or organization based around economic function, operating in a free arena where goods and services are exchanged via contract. The morally integral person, then, functioned as an honest broker, one who maintains his promises and promotes the good of all in so doing. For Book chin, the morally integral person was a real citizen: the balance between market goods, the natural world, political rights and communal responsibility. The morally integral person limits his needs to what is good for the community and what preserves the natural beauty around him. Lastly, Hegel sees the morally integral person as a developmental entity: someone who has all his natural attributes, the lover and the fighter, synthesized in the state and the national culture. Bibliography: Bookchin, Murray (1993) â€Å"What is Social Ecology? † in Environmental Philosophy: From Animal Rights to Radical Ecology. ME Zimmerman, ed.Prentice Hall Forde, Steven. (2001) â€Å"Natural Law, Theology and Morality in Locke. † The American Journal of Political Science 45, 396-409 George, William (1922). â€Å"Proudhon and Economic Federalism. † The Journal of Political Economy. 30, 531-542 Horowitz, Irving. (1966) â€Å"The Hegelian Concept of Political Freedom. † The Journal of Politics. 28, 3-28 Proudhon, Pierre (1977) The Principle of Federation. The University of Toronto Press. Seliger, M. (1963) â€Å"Locke’s Natural Law and the Foundation of Politics. † The Journal of the History of Ideas. 24, 337-354 Yack, Bernard (1980) â€Å"The Rationality of Hegel’s Concept of Monarchy† APSR 74, 709-720

Allowing Gays To Adopt

In most cases, the legality of adoption is based very strongly upon the principle of consent. Consent refers to the agreement by the child’s parents or the child’s guardian (the person or the agency under whose custody the child is) to accede the child for adoption and to expel the rights and duties with regard to the child. The process of consenting requires that the birth parents of the child notify a judge or court officials in writing.Alternatively, a part from the biological parents, other people issuing their consent can be the agency in charge of the child, the guardians, the court of law, or a close relative or the next friend who has already attained the legal age. In some states such as the Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia for instance, the child should issue consent when or when above 14. Sometimes this may be abnegated if the child is mentally ill. The execution of the consent normally takes 13 days while cases with the fastest ratification speed may take 12-24 hours.Heretofore, the next stage may differ since rules are state-specific. In most states, the written consent is notarized to the concerned public, while in other states; the consenting parents are taken for counseling as touching the matter. A provision for the revocation of the consent is normally very limited but in most cases, the adoption process is irrevocable. States in which there are absolutely no provision for the revocation include; Mississippi, Samoa and the Nebraska.The limited provision come in when the parents or guardians were defrauded, coerced or were under duress when issuing their consent. Some states also issue a time frame within which any case of disgruntlement can be aired by the parents. Conversely if the application to revoke the consent has been found to be in the interest of the child or if both the biological parents and the adoptive parents have reached this consensus, it will be the duty of the court of law to consider the petition.The 14th amendment of the American constitution, a post civil war judicial reconstruction, was originally intended to bolster the 13th amendment which in turn had brought slavery to a grinding halt. This amendment was to promote the rights of the former slaves. When it was proposed in the June 13, 1866, it spelt out equal protection of all by the law, birthing the â€Å"Separate but equal† doctrine. This amendment placed all persons on the same pedestal since all became under one law. It is upon this concept of equality that the marginalized groups began to come out for equal recognition.Privacy rights such as abortion, homosexuality became subject to debates. Currently perhaps the most heated form of debate is the one touching on the prospects of gay adoption (Ricketts, 1991). The laws for the best interest of the child assume that for any normal child to develop well, this should happen under the jurisdiction of the two parents. It is on this backdrop that in the best interest of the child, the law has come up with regulations which are geared towards the child’s protection for instance, in case of a divorce.By default, the law stipulates that upon divorce, both parents should have equal access and responsibility to and over the child. This can only be negated upon a parent being found to be harmful to the child. As far as the issue of the best interest of the child in relation to gay parenting is concerned, the law is not yet unified and therefore varies from one state to another. For instance gay parenting is prohibited in Florida but reconstructions are underway to recognize it in Alabama, Georgia, Ohio and Tennessee.The pro-gay parenting legal practitioners argue that it is better for a child to have a two parent family than a one parent one, and that it will be furthering the interest of the child since a two parent family can easily fend for the child’s needs than if the child had one or no parent at all. A case these lawyers have bro ught to the fore is the fact that there are presently (Clifford, Hertz, Doskow, Curry 2007)119,000 needy children in the US alone waiting to be adopted. Furthermore, they posit that children have more serious concerns than their parent’s sexual orientation.Discrimination against children raised by gay parents is not so far fetched compared to the discrimination encountered by gay parents. In America, this is not much of a problem compared to Australia where the parents are discriminated against in areas touching on taxation, social security, and workers’ compensation. The only case of discrimination against children with gay parents witnessed in Australia is limited to the peer groups and is always manifested in schools and in the neighborhood.This is because the Article 2 of the Convention of the Rights of the Child which was ratified in the 1990 sternly warns against child discrimination of any kind (Ricketts, 1991). Although some maintain that there is no strong bas is for the prohibition of the adoption by gay parenting, yet children rights and welfare agencies cite the child bearing studies on the other hand to maintain that children raised in heterosexual marriages thrive best emotionally, physically and mentally.They maintain that spates of violence are 2-3 times higher in homosexual marriages when compared to the heterosexual ones. In addition to this, they posit that homosexual marriages are always susceptible to dissolution with the normal gay marriage lasting 2-3 years and that homosexual activities are often marked with substance dependence, mental illnesses, suicidal tendencies and a shortened lifespan in comparison to heterosexual marriages.The proponents of same sex marriage and the adoption by the same sex parents have countered that these dysfunctions accrued by this group are as a result of the US socio-economic pressure, to which the opponents of adoption by the gay parents rebutted that the same pressure rests on the normative/ conservative form of marriage without yielding such results (Lerner and Nagai 2001). They further deliberate that children adopted or reared under the same sex marriage are highly vulnerable to sexual confusion, homo sexual behavior and premature sex.Nevertheless, it must be kept in mind that numerous strides have been made to entrench gay adoption and this has also produced gradual acceptance of the practice. A testimony to this is Florida which since 1977 had proscribed gay adoption but as per now efforts are in the offing to abrogate this law due to the push by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) on the Supreme Court. In the same vein, the 1997 ACLU fact sheet, â€Å"the gay parenting statistics† to confirm this discloses that approximately, 6-14 million children are living under gay parenting.This could still be an understatement since most gays and lesbians are always reserved about disclosing the structure of their families due to fear of losing children (Mc Gurry , 2003). These changing prospects can be attributed to the fact that the emphasis on traditional form of marriage is gradually waning, and the subsequent overturning of state laws to assimilate gay marriages is in force. A case in point is when the then president Bill Clinton, signed the Defense On Marriage Act (DOMA), thus giving way to same sex marriage in Hawaii (Rimmerman, Wald, Wilcox, 2000).Gay adoption is also growing because of the fast rate with which gay parenting is spreading. Gay parenting, apart from the normal procedure of adoption occurs when one partner pulls out of a heterosexual marriage while still maintaining the custody of a child and moves into a gay marriage or, through lesbians opting for an artificial insemination upon siring a child enters into an agreement with gay partners for adoption. The co-parent adoption occurs when one gay who has an adopted child with him moves in with a partner who automatically assumes the role of a co- parent.This practice is co mmon in Washington, District of Columbia, Vermont, California, Minnesota, Alaska, and Oregon (Tonnerson, Andenaes and Wintemute, 2001). As touching on the stability of the children, the children grow up healthy and well adjusted compared to those who have one or no parent at all. This scores highly with the concept of the best interest of a child since the child’s financial and material needs are met. Conversely, the children under gay adoption turn out successfully just as the ones under heterosexual care.The American Psychological Association (AMA), out of its research maintained categorically that there was no evidence that children brought under gay adoption and parenting were susceptible to maladjustment or that they turned out less intelligent or suffered low self esteem; neither was there a connection between homosexuality and pedophilia or direct influence in the child’s sexual orientation in future. On the contrary, the AMA observed that 90% of child sexual ab uses were carried out by heterosexual men (Baker, 2005).To further dispel the misgivings on gay adoption, both the parents who want to adapt a child undergo a screening procedure which is a meticulous exercise meant to filter out those who have less prospects of making good parents. The fact that many potential gay parents navigate successfully these enchanted waters is a testimony of the type of parents they would make. Bibliography. Baker P. Public Discourses of Gay men. Rutledge: United States, 2005. Clifford D. Hertz F. Doskow E. Curry H. A Legal Guide for Lesbian and Gay Couples. Nolo: United States, 2007. Lerner R. Negai A.No Basis: What studies don’t tell us about parenting. Marriage Law Projects /Ethics and Public Policy Center: United States, 2001. Mc Garry J. K. Fatherhood for Gay Men: Emotional and Practical Guide to becoming a gay dad. Haworth Press: United States, 2003. Ricketts W. Lesbians and Gay men as foster parents. Wendel/ Ricketts: United States, 1991. Rim merman A. C. Wald D. K. Wilcox C. The Politics of Gay Rights University of Chicago: United States, 2000. Tonnerson M. Andenaes R. Wintemute M. Legal Recognition of Same Sex Partnership: A Study of National and European Law. Hart Publishing

Asylum Seekers

Imagine you live in a country with an oppressive government and even worse your enthnic group is being persecuted by that government, would you not want to leave even if it means selling all your possessions? This is a scenario faced by thousands of people every year who are classed as asylum seekers. Brindha, the 9 year old Tamil asylum seeker who on a crowded boat off the Indonesian coast, made a heartbreaking plea to Australian journalists to please save them, the prime minister delivered a cold reply: â€Å"I make absolutely no apology whatsoever for taking a hard line on illegal immigration to Australia. The 253 asylum seekers – not illegal immigrants – on that boat had sacrificed everything they had to make a desperate bid for safety from the systematic slaughter being wrought on them by the Sri Lankan government. They are fleeing a situation where the Sri Lankan government is killing 1400 a week of the 300,000 detained in concentration camps. This is a horror that drives people to flee with nothing other than the clothes on their back, is what politicians and media have taken to calling a â€Å"push factor. There is absolutely nothing illegal about seeking asylum, about arriving without authorisation or papers, or about coming by unregistered boats as long as there is a legitimate reason states the United Nations. However the Australian Government still labels them illegal immigrants and places them in Detention Centres which in most cases results in the emotional and psychological damage to a refugee. In 2002, the Medical Journal of Australia described the extreme psychological and emotional damage done to people detained in immigration detention in Australia. The pattern they describe includes â€Å"the development of a psychological state characterised by severe depression, despair, hopelessness, paranoia, chronic rage, persecutory delusions, sub-syndromal psychosis, characterological change and persistent self harming behaviour†. In their sample, â€Å"all but one of the detained asylum seekers displayed symptoms of psychological distress at some time during their period of detention†. Eighty-five per cent had â€Å"chronic depressive symptoms† and sixty-five per cent had â€Å"pronounced ongoing suicidal ideation†. Refugees should not have to stay in conditions conducive to mental disorders and suicidal tendencies. If the Australian government wishes to fix the problem they should fix detention centres, make the facilities more humane and turn off the electric fence,( The electric fences around such centres are more harmful than that of Auschwitz concentration camp). The government should also provide faster processing of refugees so these people are not subjected to what is incarceration with committing a crime. In 2002 protesters tore down the fences of Woomera Detention Centre, assisting people inside to make a courageous and inspiring breakout. They would not hesitate to do it again. Asylum seeking is an issue that cuts right to the heart of everything that’s rotten and inhumane about capitalism – its racism, its hypocrisy, its brutality and its utter contempt for humanity. We should all stand firmly for the rights of asylum seekers.

In a World of Pay by Fryer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

In a World of Pay by Fryer - Research Paper Example The contribution of this article in the study of human resources is significant in the sense that the article is sufficient enough to enable the HR students gain a real-world insight on how to apply HR theories and practices. The article also allows the students to have an idea concerning the level of competition in the real world of business. Likewise, the article revealed how HR managers should plan on designing effective work compensation packages based on the Coming up with a win-win situation between the employer and employee is very important. Since Anne as a job applicant is a well-known individual who has marked a competitive marketing performance within the ERP software industry, the HR manager should consider the fact that Anne is paying a fee of US$3,000 per month for the assisted living facility of her mother, a competitive health care plan for her 7-year old son who is suffering from asthma and allergies (Fryer, 2003, p. 32, 34). The HR manager also needs to consider that Anne is a single mother. Therefore, transferring her to Germany could be very costly since Anne may need some support on house rent, day care services, cultural training for her and her son, and the annual tuition for her son’s education (p. 37). Knowing the major concern of Anne as a potentially competitive marketing employee, the HR manager should come up with a better working arrangement option or work compensation package that will directly address the main concerns of Anne. With this in mind, the HR manager should weigh the proposed work compensation packages with the market potential and business profitability Anne could contribute to the company. Â  

Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Questions - Assignment Example Despite not being ideal, the approach has some rationale which cannot be negated altogether. Senior level employees and managers have several business commitments beyond the routine work hours and more often than not they are bound to their tasks and targets instead of time. This however, should not leverage the habitual delays by senior and they should set a better example for their juniors. 2. No, I think that employers should not have the right to regulate the after-hours social activities unless they have an impact on the workplace productivity. The activities that might have a direct effect on workplace productivity provide a potential leverage to the employer to devise regulations to avoid them but these must have a direct impact. A major issue that may evolve from meeting at the work place is the social stress and anxiety resulted that may ultimately have an effect on work place environment and the projected output. Often these workplace social interaction causes uncalled for rifts among employees which creates room for regulations to avert such circumstances. 3.

The 13th Bracey Report on the Condition of Public Education (Phi Delta Essay

The 13th Bracey Report on the Condition of Public Education (Phi Delta Kappan Oct2003, Vol. 85, issue 2, p148164, 17p - Essay Example Therefore, the NAEP's definition will predominate and, given that numerous institutions and organizations have assessed it as "fundamentally flawed," this is hardly a positive development (Bracey, 2003, p. 149). As proof of the problematic nature of flawed and discrepant proficiency definitions, Bracey (2003) points towards the fact that while the assessment tests used in Texas declared over 9 out of 10 eighth grade students proficient at mathematics, the NAEP assessment tests put the number at only 2.4 students out of every 10. The implication here is that the absence of a single, agreed-upon definition for proficiency leads to flawed and inaccurate assessment tests. Matching the problematic nature of the proficiency issue is the NCLB's "requirements for highly qualified teachers" (Bracey, 2003, p. 149). Stating that by 2005-2006 all teachers had to meet the new qualification standards, the NCLB quite effectively called for the impossible. In the first place, the 100% expectation is unrealistic and virtually impossible to fulfill. In the second place, while one of the criterion for qualification is "full state certification," the NCLB does not identify the components of full certification (Bracey, 2003, p. 151).

Biographical and Cultural Background Paper on John Updike and his Essay

Biographical and Cultural Background Paper on John Updike and his story A&P - Essay Example By simply reading through the texts, one might not see how much of the American society in the 1950’s Updike has exposed. As such, his attitude towards the issues of the society in which the author lived in was also apparent. The irony in the manner he illustrate the settings and the events in A & P shows how much involved the author was in the different issues surrounding him. His sarcasm and negative point of view about Russia and the Cold War was evident in Stokesie’s character where Sammy narrates that he thinks hes going to be manager some sunny day, maybe in 1990 when its called the Great Alexandrov and Petrooshki Tea Company or something (Kirszner and Mandell, p. 95) In D. Quentin Miller’s (p. 3) John Updike and the Cold War: Drawing the Iron Curtain, he describes Updike’s writings as those that reveal the underlying truth about the American society during the Cold War era that requires aggressiveness in order to attain its goals. Sammy’s character in A & P shows the same aggressiveness that each single individual in the American society should posses in order to achieve what they aspire for. However, Updike simply did not make his readers live by the disillusion that they could achieve everything they wish for through any aggressive acts, whereas the reality in which risks and disappointments occur as well. A & P’s end clearly shows how Updike sticks to the existent condition in the society rather than a

Current Situation in Diversity Management in the Workplace Essay

Current Situation in Diversity Management in the Workplace - Essay Example Thus, diversity in management is essential in the current state of economic affairs. Diversity in workplace helps the organizations to attract businesses, corporations and government talents from almost all the directions. It also helps the companies to tap emerging new markets and enjoy the fruits of efficient government policies (Cook, 24). Managing diversity in the firms involves observing legal and policy requirements in a very simple manner. In the current epoch diversity in workplaces helps companies to promote community and comfort with differences (Williams 17). Finally diversity in the workplaces helps firms to achieve successful growth in the long run. Workplace diversity provides immense benefits to an organization. The business firms can expand their thoughts outside-the-box and enjoy efficient teamwork with diversity in managements. A cordial atmosphere of mutual understanding and respect is enjoyed by the workers in an organization that diversifies its workplace.  "A company’s performance is always linked to its ability to recruit the right people. People want to work for companies that demonstrate that diversity matters. There needs to be a sustained culture assault down the supply chain that business must encourage.† (Shakhray 6). ... In order to compete in the growing economy, it is important for the business organizations to select the brightest talent in their agencies. This is easily executed in the current era with diversification of management of the workplaces. More innovative and creative solutions are formulized nowadays by the business firms by diversifying in terms of experiences and skills. Significant improvement in both workplace productivity and work performance can be enjoyed by the firms in the current economy with the help of diversification of bureau. Briefly, diversity of work is the actual key that is responsible to foster the economic growth of the current period. Case Study: Workforce Diversity in U.S. U.S. is a highly developed country in the world both in terms of social and economical development. The rate of urbanization in the country is above 80%. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as well as GDP per Capita is improving significantly in U.S. with time. About 79.7% of the total population in U.S. is engaged in the service sector. The service sector of the country is highly diverse in terms of skill, race, gender etc. Approximately 155,163,000 was the labor force of U.S. in July 2012. This strength included the workers who were actively employed as well as those who were seeking employments. Figure 1: Workforce diversity in US (Source: American Progress, â€Å"The State of Diversity in Today’s Workforce†) The graph above enumerates the current workforce diversity in the U.S. market in 2011 in the employment sector. It is visualized from the above graph that 16.49% of the total workforce works in the state owned public sectors in U.S. 10.58% and 3.8% are the proportions of the people working in

Edit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Edit - Essay Example The second step was that he brought forth early wins which were evident and visible to all employees of the company. This included reduction in number of hierarchies and introduction of two initiatives which particularly aimed at bringing openness, simplicity, self-confidence, and increasing operational speed. The next step was to develop ownership amongst the employees. For this he developed an initiative called â€Å"work out† which created space for open interaction with different level of employees. Thus he ensured that the company had a strong foundation before further global expansion. Moreover, every employee felt connected with every management policy and action. Fourthly, Welch incorporated wins easy to achieve with least capital. This included the policy that every GE initiative must acquire a number one or 2 positions in the market or else fix it, sell it, or close it. The sale of non-performing initiatives created capital for further investment amounting upto $21billion. He abolished strategic planning system and established a real time planning process which involved fourteen key business heads occasionally developing competitiveness strategies. These served as wins that speak to powerful players to receive their

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 52

Journal - Essay Example We made rounds, collect data and encouraged non-compliant staff to follow hand hygiene protocols. Met with my infection control personnel. Task-made rounds with engineering staff to install hand sanitizers and hand washing soap dispensers in identified strategic areas. Also made rounds on all inpatient units to collect raw data on staff hand hygiene compliance Attended infection control departmental meeting. Main topic was the upcoming hand hygiene initiative. The manager stated that it will be an organizational wide challenge to raise awareness and hopefully improve and meet the target goal on hand hygiene. Continued to raise awareness and encourage health care providers through consistent patrol to the inpatient units. It is refreshing to know that employee compliance is on the rise due to proper education, accessible soap, water or hand sanitizer, and reinforced messages among staff members, patients and their families. Weeks 4 through week 7 have been very busy at my clinical site. For a start, I attended a mandatory leadership meeting held by the new Assistant Vise-President (AVP) for Patient Care Services. The take home from this meeting was for all leaders to collaborate effectively in building a strong foundation for the organization. In effect, it would encourage the need to improve our patient satisfaction by employing basic nursing care at the bedside. Later that afternoon, the infection Control manager assigned me to work with one of his staff members. Our job was to go to all inpatient units and take data regarding hand hygiene compliance. He informed me on an upcoming initiative to create/raise an organizational wide awareness to improve to improve hand hygiene. Among the tasks, we were to carry out included making rounds, collecting data and encouraging non-compliant staff to follow hand hygiene protocols. Through the last three weeks, this has been the focus

Macroeconomic Position of Iceland as of 2006 Essay

Macroeconomic Position of Iceland as of 2006 - Essay Example This essay provides a thorough economic analysis of the economic developments in the Icelandic economy in the year of 2006. Ii is shown in the essay, that the national economy depended heavily on the fishing industry, which provided more than 60% of total export earnings and employs 12% of the work force. Iceland’s economy had been diversifying into manufacturing and service industries in the last decade and new developments in software production, biotechnology, and financial services were taking place. The tourism sector was also expanding, with trends in eco-tourism such as whale watching, hiking, and nature tours growing steadily. As Iceland had focused on leveling its financial landscape and opening its markets, it had created an imbalance in the economy. The resulting volatility threatened a return to the previous days of economic overheating. The employment numbers were good, but any disruption of current output woull change that immediately. Inflation, driven by overheating real estate and investment markets, was growing. These issues had to be resolved immediately. Through prudent monetary policy, inflation could be tamed. By implementing wise fiscal policy, expenses and debt could be reduced. In terms of fiscal policy, Iceland needed to adjust its approach so that the monetary policy could be adequately supported without resorting to continued and severe hikes in the interest rate. Simply, this meant tightening its budget maintenance, reducing its debt, and enhancing the environment for investment

Sample Outline for Case Study Essay Example for Free

Sample Outline for Case Study Essay I. Introduction: Overview of the type of substance abuse issue you are focusing upon, its impact (on society and this agency) and your interest in this agency. (Tip: Open with something shocking or startling which will grab your reader’s attention. Look at some of the articles you have read to get ideas.) II. Agency A. The agency/program you choose to examine and why B. History of the agency/program C. Current data on agency/program: size, number of personnel, service area, mission, etc D. Who you spoke to in the agency/program E. Conclusion you came to after conducting your initial interviews 1. What is the challenge this agency faces in regard to substance abuse? III. Issue you discovered A. Thought provoking discussion of the issue and what problems it causes 1. Challenges for society in general 2. Challenges for the agency/program 3. Challenges for those in the agency/program 4. Possible solutions or ways to address this problem that occurred to you before doing the research IV. Your research A. Articles you examined which relate to this issue B. Findings of those articles C. How you feel these findings relate to your agency/program and their challenges D. Follow-up interview 1. What did your interviewee say about your findings? 2. How might your findings relate to this agency? E. Thoughtful discussion of your conclusion(s) about how this issue should be handled, based upon your findings and your follow-up interview F. Wrap this part of your paper up in a compelling manner – perhaps refer back to the â€Å"shocking† part of your introduction Your assessment of this case study A. The procedures – what worked, what didn’t? What you learned How this assignment has impacted your career goals Reminders: †¢ Be sure you establish credibility of your interviewee and authors of scholarly articles you cite in your paper! †¢ Be sure you cite and discuss a minimum of two scholarly articles in this paper – you may use other sources, but must use at least two scholarly references!

Product analysis of maggi noodles in india

Product analysis of maggi noodles in india The Indian subsidiary of the global FMCG giant, Nestle SA Nestle India Limited introduced the brand Maggi in India in 1982. This launch of Maggi no0odles was the platform for an entirely new food category of instant noodles in India. It quickly gained popularity as a quick snack and was widely accepted in the Indian market. The company got the first mover advantage in this category and as a result, was able to retain its successful leader position in the category till the early 2000s. In order to target the health conscious consumers, in the year 2005, Nestle India Limited expanded by brand extension offering various healthy food products under the brand name Maggi. In an effort to extend its healthy foods concept, in May 2006, Nestle India Limited, launched a new variety of instant noodles product called Maggi Dal Atta Noodles (Dal Atta Noodles) under the popular Maggi brand. These Dal Atta Noodles, unlike the traditional Maggi noodles, were made of whole wheat and pulses, and were positioned as a healthy instant noodles. In addition to the instant noodles, Nestle India Limited also offeres a variety of other food products such as soups, sauces and ketchups, cooking aids (seasonings), etc., under the Maggi brand. Positioning [by product attribute] Maggi noodles by nestle comes under the food products category can be specifically placed under instant food category. Maggi was introduced in 1982 as a snack food and since then has been tweaked with a series of repositioning and brand extension strategies to feed the need of the time. Fast to Cook Good to Eat is the tagline for Maggi. Nestle India Limited (NIL) in the past years has aggressively promoted Maggi noodles via various methods like free sample distribution, distributing gifts in exchange of empty packs, etc. The company used its advertising strategically to create an effective impact on the communication of the benefits of the product to target consumers. Its advertisements projected magi as a fun snack for the kids which gave the mothers ease of preparation. Use of taglines like Mummy, bhookh lagi hai (Mom, Im hungry), Bas 2-Minute, (Only 2 minutes) and Fast to Cook Good to Eat effectively communicated the products benefits to target consumers. Maggi is positioned for consumption for the SEC A B consumption household. Its primary target audience is the children in the age group between 6-14 years. It has tried to cater to the low income householders by introducing the Rs. 5/- pack. It was designed to be consumed as a evening snack. The commercial designed for the same show kids of the fore-mentioned age group in the evening time consuming Maggi. Over the period of time with the need for healthy food (Vegetable Atta Noodles) gaining ground it repositioned itself by positioning it as healthy food. This was of paramount importance as the buyer in this case were mother who were going to feed there children who were in the growing age group. Given the special care that mother take of children in this age group Nestle has been trying to promote the healthy part more and more. It is packaged in bright yellow color given that this color is quite attractive to younger people. This color makes Maggi both easily distinguishable and also lively.It has a strong distribution and its availability is present in both traditional retail (kirana stores) and up-market posh supermarkets. It sells mostly in single size serving however it has innovatively changed the packaging allowing multiple serving inside the same packet. Through this it wants to increase brand loyalty. Typically the higher sizes are for regular consumption households and are available at slight discounts. Also from time to time it has been trying to leverage and rejuvenate the brand with interesting Brand extensions. Brand Extensions Maggi Soups 1988 Indian Ethnic Foods Pickles Sambhar Dosa Batter Vada Batter Macroni Maggi Coconut Milk Maggi Tamarind Sauce Maggie Chinese Noodles MAGGI CUPPA MANIA MAGGI Sauces MAGGI Pichkoo MAGGI Pizza Mazza MAGGI MAGIC Cubes MAGGI Bhuna Masala Market Analysis Nestle India Limited NIL operates in Four Segments in India: Prepared Dishes and Cooking Aids Segment Milk Products and Nutrition Segment Chocolate and Confectionery Segment Beverages Segment Prepared Dishes and Cooking Aids segment Maggi is the premium brand in this segment with the highest growth rate of 24.1 per cent in sales by value. The segment has also been a witness of a growth rate of 18.2 per cent in volume sales at 3.46 lakh tonnes during the period. Overall, Milk Products and Nutrition segment consisted of 47 per cent of the companys net sales during first quarter of 2008 (46.3 per cent in Q1 of 2008), followed by Prepared Dishes and Cooking Aids at 23.3 per cent (21.8 per cent), Beverages at 15.8 per cent (17.8 per cent) and Chocolate and Confectionery at 14.1 per cent (13.9 per cent) Maggi Sales The food processing business in India is at a nascent stage and is well poised to go into higher orbit. Presently, the share of the processed and packaged food consumption forms only 15% of the output. Penetration levels as well as per capita consumption in India is also low, as traditionally, Indians have been believers in consuming fresh stuff rather than packaged or frozen. However, the trend is changing and the new fast food generation is slowly altering its habits towards healthy food. The rise in income levels, urbanization, favorable demographics and changing lifestyle are the key drivers going forward. With around 200 Million people expected to shift to processed and packaged food by 2010, there lies a huge opportunity for makers of such products like Nestle India Limited to convert these potential consumers into loyal customers. Processed food market which was valued at Rs 4,600 billion in the year 2004, is expected to touch Rs 13,500 billion by 2015. With respect to Maggi Brand, the industry can be broadly classified into three sectors: Soups Sauces, Dressings and Condiments Noodles Soup The soup sector is rather small in India, but it is growing at a very rapid pace, registering a 16% CAGR in current value terms between 2003 and 2007 and increased by 20% in 2008-09, to reach a value of Rs942 million. Hindustan Unilever and Nestlà © India are the sectors leaders. Growth in soup sales in 2008-09 has been driven by wider options in soups, aggressive promotions and advertising activities by the main players and an increased reliance on instant foods, such as soups, by busy urban consumers. Soup players are trying to position their offerings as healthy snacks and meal solutions. Nestlà © India has positioned its Sanjeevani range of soups as wellness meal solutions due to the addition of healthy ingredients, such as almonds and amla, along with the addition of vegetables, no added colours or MSG, as well as being low in fat and cholesterol. Knorr and Maggi are the two premium soup brands in India, mainly due to their higher pricing, wide range of flavours and wellness positioning. Domestic soup brands such as MTR and Bambino are considered standard brands, due to their lower pricing. Canned soup brands are all positioned in the economy segment, with leading brands Chings Secret having lower prices. Major Brands and Companies in Soups sector are: Brand Company 2004- 05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 Knorr Hindustan Unilever Group 56.6 57.2 56.9 58.6 57.1 Maggi Nestlà © SA 28.5 29.1 30.6 31.5 28 Chings Secret Capital Foods Ltd 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 8.6 MTR Orkla Group 1.9 1.2 SAUCES, DRESSINGS AND CONDIMENTS Retail value sales of sauces, dressings and condiments have grown by 11% in 2008-09 to Rs25.4 billion. This increase is mainly attributed to the increase in regional brands due to the entrance of number of local players into the organized sector from the unorganized sector. Ketchup has registered the fastest value growth in sauces, dressings and condiments in 2008-09, at 13%. The rapid growth in sales of ketchup was driven by a combination of factors, including aggressive promotion in retail outlets and advertising by Hindustan Unilever and Nestlà © India, and the launch of new variants, such as Kissan Chatakdaar and Maggi Pichkoo. With a wider range of flavours which go well with Indian snacks, and small pack sizes which can be used for a single serving, ketchup maintained its high level of growth in 2008-09. The sauces, dressings and condiments sector is highly fragmented, with a large number of regional players. There are a few national players in the herbs and spices and dry sauces subsector and Hindustan Unilever and Nestlà © India are the two notable multinational players, with shares of around 5% each. Major Brands and Companies in Sauces, Dressings and Condiments sector are: Brand Company 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 Everest S Narendrakumar Co 17.9 18 17.6 17.6 17.4 MDH Mahashian Di Hatti Pvt Ltd 12.7 12.9 12.5 12.6 12.3 Priya Ushodaya Enterprises Ltd 8.8 8.3 8.7 9 8.4 Eastern Eastern Group 4.2 4.7 5.6 5.9 6.9 Mothers Recipe Desai Brothers Ltd 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 6 Hommade Dabur India Ltd 4.3 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.5 Maggi Nestlà © SA 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.8 5 Kissan Hindustan Unilever Group 4.7 4.9 4.9 5 4.9 Noodles Sales of Noodles have grown by 20% in 2008-09 to Rs 15.6 Billion. With Indian consumers leading increasingly busy lifestyles, less time is being devoted to cooking food at home, and urban consumers are opting for easy-to-cook solutions, such as noodles. As a result, instant noodles continue to dominate sales, accounting for almost 73% of retail value in 2008-09. While plain noodles, in the form of vermicelli, have traditionally been popular in South India to make full meals, more consumers are shifting to instant and plain noodles, which are easy to cook, for either full meals or snacks.

House On Mango Street Essay example -- essays research papers

Women’s Escape into Misery Women’s need for male support and their husband’s constant degradation of them was a recurring theme in the book House on Mango Street. Many of Esperanza’s stories were about women’s dreams of marrying, the perfect husband and having the perfect family and home. Sally, Rafaela, and Minerva are women who gave me the impression of [damsel’s in distress].CLICHÉ, it’s ok though. It’s relevant They wished for a man to sweep them of their feet and rescue them from their present misery. These characters are inspiring and strong but they are unable to escape the repression of the surrounding environment. *Cisneros presents a rigid world in which they lived in, and left them no other hope but to get married. Esperanza, however, is a very tough girl who knows what she wants. She will keep dreaming and striving until she gets it. She says, "I am too strong for her [Mango Street] to keep me here&qu ot; (110). Esperanza learned from all of these women that she was not going to be tied down. She said, "I have decided not to grow up tame like the others who lay their necks on the threshold waiting for the ball and chain" (88). **Especially after seeing that Sally was suffering so much. Sally’s father is making her want to leave home by beating her. Sally "said her mother rubs lard on the places were it hurts" (93). There is not enough lard in the world to be able to cure the pain within Sally’s heart. Sally, "met a marshmallow salesman at a school bazaar" (101). Pretty soon " sally got married, she has her house now, her pillowcases and her plates" (101). Her marriage seems to free her from her father, but in reality she has now stepped into a world of misery. This was supposed to help her heal; " she says she is in love, but I think she did it to escape." (101). Unlike the oth er women Sally has no escape, no poetry, not even papaya coconut juice, not to mention, " he does not let her look out the window" (102). That is why "she sits at home because she is afraid to go outside without his permission."(102). Rafaela’s situation also involves imprisonment in her own home. Cisneros introduced us to Rafaela, a young beautiful girl whose expectations from marriage were to obtain a sweet home to live in. Instead... ...p;quot;ferocious roots beneath the ground" (74). Like the trees [???] (I don’t get the reference to the trees) these are, "Four who reach and do not forget to reach. Four whose only reason is to be and be" (75). These characters are inspiring and strong but they are unable to escape the repression of the surrounding environment. The only tree that was able to escape Mango Street was Esperanza. Her last words demonstrated growth as an independent woman. She concludes "She does not hold me with both arms. She sets me free" (110). This was good! There were minor corrections that I corrected, but didn’t make a note of it(like commas). If u have any ?’s call me n let me know! Nataly Buenrostro Writing 1 October 9, 2000 House on Mango Street Critical Analysis Professor Peterson I made many changes to my draft. First of all I made Esperanza a stronger focal point of my paper. I made it clear that she was the strong one in the book. I made the transitions have more of a flow by mentioning more events that involved Esperanza. I tried to make my subjects better known and my thesis clearer by stating more facts. I showed a lot more and told less.

The Cloning of Human Beings :: Science Papers

The Cloning of Human Beings I examine five concerns held by the general population regarding human cloning and argue that they show either a misunderstanding about the process and/or result of cloning, or else ignorance about what we already do. Put differently, I argue that human cloning is not in principle more questionable than other current practices. However, I do have serious concerns about the uses to which the new technology will be put. I argue that the reasons currently proposed for human cloning are not persuasive. My position is that human cloning is not objectionable in principle, but practical application of the technology raises serious concerns. In my opinion, present circumstances do not seem to warrant it. As soon as Scottish scientists announced that they had successfully cloned a sheep from cells of another sheep, people began to be alarmed at the prospect of cloning human beings. Editorial after editorial warned that we'd be "playing God", that we'd be creating Frankenstein-like soul-less creatures, and that we'd be encouraging people's tendency towards egoism to reach its ultimate expression by enabling human beings to clone themselves. President Clinton banned all federal funding for research leading to the cloning of human beings and called for a voluntary moratorium on private research. Pope John Paul II denounced "dangerous experiments" that harm human dignity. I, too, have some concerns about cloning human beings; but I think that most of the fears people have are misplaced. As a philosopher who has worked on issues concerning personal identity and, more recently, medical ethics, I have a different perspective on the issue of human cloning from most commentators. Perhaps I can make a useful contribution to the discussion of this topic. I would, first, like to examine five concerns the general population seems to have about cloning human beings and argue that they show either a misunderstanding about the process and/or result of cloning, or else an ignorance of what it is that we already do. I shall argue that there is nothing in principle more questionable about the cloning of human beings than practices we currently engage in. However, I do have two serious concerns about how the new technology is likely to be used; and, since I am not convinced that that there are any really good reasons at the present time for cloning human beings, I too would vote against permitting it. I 1. It has been claimed that if we cloned human beings that we'd be "playing God.

sigmund freud :: essays research papers

SIGMUND FREUD 1856 - 1939 Freud's story, like most people's stories, begins with others. In his case those others were his mentor and friend, Dr. Joseph Breuer, and Breuer's patient, called Anna O. Anna O. was Joseph Breuer's patient from 1880 through 1882. Twenty one years old, Anna spent most of her time nursing her ailing father. She developed a bad cough that proved to have no physical basis. She developed some speech difficulties, then became mute, and then began speaking only in English, rather than her usual German. When her father died she began to refuse food, and developed an unusual set of problems. She lost the feeling in her hands and feet, developed some paralysis, and began to have involuntary spasms. She also had visual hallucinations and tunnel vision. But when specialists were consulted, no physical causes for these problems could be found. If all this weren't enough, she had fairy-tale fantasies, dramatic mood swings, and made several suicide attempts. Breuer's diagnosis was that she was suffering from what was then called hysteria (now called conversion disorder), which meant she had symptoms that appeared to be physical, but were not. In the evenings, Anna would sink into states of what Breuer called "spontaneous hypnosis," or what Anna herself called "clouds." Breuer found that, during these trance-like states, she could explain her day-time fantasies and other experiences, and she felt better afterwards. Anna called these episodes "chimney sweeping" and "the talking cure." Sometimes during "chimney sweeping," some emotional event was recalled that gave meaning to some particular symptom. The first example came soon after she had refused to drink for a while: She recalled seeing a woman drink from a glass that a dog had just drunk from. While recalling this, she experienced strong feelings of disgust...and then had a drink of water! In other words, her symptom -- an avoidance of water -- disappeared as soon as she remembered its root event, and experienced the strong emotion that would be appropriate to that event. Breuer called this catharsis, from the Greek word for cleansing. It was eleven years later that Breuer and his assistant, Sigmund Freud, wrote a book on hysteria. In it they explained their theory: Every hysteria is the result of a traumatic experience, one that cannot be integrated into the person's understanding of the world. The emotions appropriate to the trauma are not expressed in any direct fashion, but do not simply evaporate: They express themselves in behaviors that in a weak, vague way offer a response to the trauma.

Disneyland Profile

Profile What does the â€Å"happiest place on earth,† also know as Disneyland, have to offer on a regular basis? It was a bright sunny day in Anaheim California, and my friends Ruben, Sassan and I were just arriving at the theme park. We were all so excited to spend the day messing around between parks; especially considering the fact that we got in for free! Ruben’s mom works at Disneyland, which is how we were able to get in for free. Disneyland is only one theme park, but there are so many different things going on throughout the whole park it is hard to grasp.Throughout the entire theme park, it is divided between handfuls of different sections. Main Street, Fantasyland, Tomorrowland, Toon town, Adventureland, Frontierland are all very unique from each other; giving you a different experience each time. Main Street U. S. A is just at the entrance of Disneyland and it is a replica dedicated to early 20th century America. Main Street is filled with people anxious to e xplore the rest of the park and full of smiles to start their day. Next we arrive to Fantasyland, a land based on classic Disney films and Disney characters walking around.I noticed every child going crazy to meet their favorite character and take pictures with each of them. Then we cruise to Tomorrowland, which has a futuristic design to it and all of the attractions are based on outer space. Space Mountain, Buzz Light-year and Star Wars are all popular rides in Tomorrowland. Toon town is a whole land devoted to Mickey Mouse and friends, who obviously are the more popular characters in Disneyland. Toon town is pretty much self-explanatory, everything in there looks like a cartoon.Adventureland is very much like a jungle it is hard to remember where you really are; there are tall trees around every corner, bushes everywhere, animal sounds screeching throughout the land and about each building is made of rough wood. Last is Frontierland and it portrays the Wild West. Each land gave m e a different feeling of each setting and felt like I was at different parts of the world. Since there are so many people in the park I could not stop noticing the different noises I heard. Everywhere I went was filled with laughter from children enjoying the happiest place on earth.Different music was echoing within each land in order to fit the setting. Roller coasters were screeching across the park full of kids yelling, either from intimidation or excitement. Trains were whistling and carrying several people, all-blabbering at once. All of this plus the routine fireworks blowing and crackling one by one as everyone watched. It was almost too much to handle, but each sound contributed to everyone’s joy. As the clock began to reach noon we were all filled with hunger, it was time to eat. Throughout the day the park was filled with salty and sweet stenches from snacks like popcorn and churros.There were so many different odors it was hard to decide where to go. As we stepped foot on the food court the room was filled with a variety of aromas, from fresh baked breads to grilled chicken and rich flavor pizzas and barbeque. We each decided to get different foods and share; Ruben got the pizza, Sassan ordered the chicken and I got the barbeque myself. Grouping back together the table was filled with a mixture of divine scents as we eat. With this in mind we still had room for dessert, or at least something sweet to satisfy our sweet tooth. We spotted a cotton candy stand and the surrounding area was crammed with a fruity sweet scent.After all of that we were pretty much good on food for the rest of the day. (add taste to this paragraph as well) With every appearance, and each sound and odor all going on at once it was a lot to handle. Switching from each land section to parades and loud roaring of coasters, children and fireworks and also different food odors everywhere we went was quite an experience. Everyone was exhausted from walking and everything tha t went on in the park. Never going to experience that much action at once anywhere else(last sentence or got home and slept real quick)

Examine the Conditions Essay

Although one could easily isolate several specific variables that aided the parties rise, such as the failure of the GMD (Nationalist Party) or even The May 4th Movement, one must look at it more broadly to understand the bigger picture of the circumstances. When looking at this bigger picture, one can identify many key conditions under the political, social and economic aspects of the circumstances. Political may perhaps be the most abundant area of conditions for this particular analysis, as it contains the most aspects and conditions, and can be analyzed through a sort of timeline or chain of events. For example, one of the aspects prior even to the rivalry between the CCP and the GMD was the weakness of the previous government. Two examples can be seen here, both when the government failed to address the poverty and situation of the peasants (the huge lower class) as well as when the â€Å"Imperial government in China†¦ introduced a series of reforms†¦but they wielded too little political power† (IB Packet, 62). This goes to show the downfall of the previous government, which then lead to the 1911 Revolution. This revolution, also called the â€Å"Revolution of the Double Tenth,† was caused mainly by the scholar’s disappointment in the failed reforms, the â€Å"severe flooding and harvest failure in the south† (IB Packet, 62) and just general revolutionary conspiracy by the army. In 1912, this resulted in Dr. Sun Yatsen’s ruling of the newly created Republic of China. â€Å"On December 25, Dr. Sun was elected the provisional president of the Republic of China† (Leung, 52). The Warlord Era†, in turn, followed this, between 1916-1927. Yuan Shikai became president after Dr. Sun resigned, only to die 4 years later (1912-1916 was his rule), and â€Å"After Yuan died, the nation disintegrated into warlord groups and territories† (Leung, 59). During this time period is when the May Fourth Movement emerged, where 5000 students â€Å"held a huge demonstration against the decision†¦ to accept Japanese control of the former German concessionsâ₠¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Leung, 65). This movement was a huge success in that gradually, people no longer bought Japanese goods, Cao Rulin resigned, and no Chinese representatives signed the Treaty of Versailles. According to Chinese today’s historians, the movement was a â€Å"turning point between the modern and contemporary history of their country† (Leung, 67). Again during the Warlord Era was the â€Å"First United Front†, during which the GMD and the CCP fought together against the Japanese invader, only to see Chiang Kaishek (leader of GMD) â€Å"order a massacre of thousands of CCP members† (IB Packet, 64) in 1927. Manchuria, being a Chinese region, was full of agricultural products, opportunities and even mineral/natural resources. Ergo, Japan wanted to capture it, and this conflict led to a larger scale war, and by the end, â€Å"The war with Japan had left China exhausted and weak† (Leung, 99). Thus, this gave the possibility to the CCP (because they took more advantage of it) to rise and take power over the GMD. Thus, the social and economic aspects of China in the time period also had a rather large effect on China becoming ruled by a single party rule governed by Mao. In conclusion, political, social and economic conditions in China were altogether very responsible for the rise of the CCP. From the civil war (political) to the runaway inflation (economic) and even to the bad relations between the GMD and scholars (social), all these aspects make up what was to become Mao Zedong’s rule. Failures, mainly from the part of the GMD, also helped the CCP rise, such as the non-acknowledgment of the peasantry or even the failure to wipe out the CCP during the White Terror.

Life and Cemetery Essay

The cemetery that I visited was the Benedictine University Cemetery. It is a cemetery on campus where all of the reverends, pastors, and important religious idols affiliated with the school, are buried. The cemetery has a path that runs through the middle of it and it leads up to a statue of Jesus Christ on the cross. This is not a grave, but more a religious centerpiece that the eyes can focus on. Around the centerpiece are many rows of crosses. In front of those crosses are head stones in the ground of the deceased. I wondered if the people who had crosses were more important religiously than those who do not have crosses. To really take in everything the cemetery has to offer though, I used all five of my senses. One of the best ways to really understand what something is is to investigate it using all of your five senses. This is exactly what I did. I looked at all of my surroundings, smelled, tasted the air (more imaginative), touch, and hear what my environment has to offer. What do you see when you walk into a cemetery? Do the images that you see help you perceive and feel something specific? As I walked into the cemetery, I saw rows upon rows of crosses. Jesus Christ is the center piece of the cemetery. When I walked in, I walked underneath a row of coniferous pine trees. I actually found this very interesting; because if you think about it, coniferous pine trees, in a sense â€Å"don’t die†. They live throughout the winter and the summer; an all year round. Can this be a symbol of the human soul living past the point of the body dying? That was the only type of shrubbery that I saw in the cemetery, besides the fake flowers, which also live longer than normal flowers. A cemetery is a place of deep thought and transition. It was interesting to see the birds swoop in and out of the trees without a care in the world while death surrounds them in every which way. Then my mind started to drift off again. Why do humans bury their dead? I know it is to commemorate the dead, but can’t that be done in a manner that doesn’t in a sense, ‘waste less land’? Now I am not trying to be disrespectful in any sense at all, but once the body is dead, why keep it? If you think about it, cemeteries use so much land for the dead. I feel like we are celebrating death, even though the whole meaning behind a cemetery is for remembrance. Honestly, when I drive by a cemetery, I am filled with grief. When in a cemetery, death is upon us. Even in the light, a dark stage inhabits a bright time. I think the most discrete way to investigate a cemetery is the stop and smell your surroundings. What does your nose take in? When I visited, I took in the smell of fresh pine, from the coniferous pines. I took a deep breath and felt very relaxed. Am I supposed to be feeling so relaxed in a cemetery? Doesn’t relaxation go against everything that a cemetery stands for? Wouldn’t one think that you would smell death? Well this is what I thought. But I guess I was wrong. I think that the ‘smell of death’ is more something that you get from horror movies. Plus, it all might just be in our minds when someone states, ‘that smells like death’. What would death taste like? The question should be more like, who would want to taste death? I’m pretty sure that everyone would have to agree with that statement. Others would say it might taste like something rotten, or moldy. I think I am going to have to agree with the statement saying that no one wants to taste death. Most everyone has heard the saying, â€Å"the touch of death†. Well, what does it feel like to touch death? Is it physically touching the deceased, or having death touch you in a sense? Having touched the deceased is indeed touching death, but does it have a meaning behind it? I believe that just being in the presence of death is overwhelming. It takes you to a place that you don’t normally go. You start to worry about family members and ultimately, changing the way that you live your day to day life. You start thinking about not seeing loved ones again, and you treat people with more respect. I think that people realize their selfish behavior when death touches them. I know that this is what happened to me when I went to a funeral; and it wasn’t even for one of my family members. The weird thing is that these are the feelings that I had when I was in the cemetery. Being in the cemetery I felt very relaxed and had I questions and feelings that completely contradicted everything that I felt at the funeral. Sound is a strong sense. Not that they aren’t all, but sound influences reactions in a shocking manner. It can scare you, startle you, or even soothe you. The birds swooping in and out of the trees, chirping, were very relaxing sounds. The swoosh of the wind blowing the trees back and fourth clams you. Other than the birds and the sound of the wind, the cemetery was motionless, and soundless. It was calming and eerie at the same exact time. The most impressive thing about the Benedictine University Cemetery was the massive statue of Jesus Christ that was the centerpiece of the area. The statue towered over the cemetery. The overwhelming size of the statue made you think that there were things out there that were more important than you, or your life. Maybe, I thought, the idea of the statue is to make people stop and take a moment out of their lives to think about the lives of others. It is impressive to think that an intimate object could make you stop your busy life to think about the deceased. I walked up to the statue and just stared. I was in awe. I looked at what surrounded it and saw numerous head stones. I read the head stone and saw that they were for pastors and fathers from the school. The names on the head stones were names that I have seen before. They were the names that the dormitories were named after. These people must have done something very amazing to still be recognized many years later. That notion in itself is very impressive indeed. This can be related to what we are learning in class with Aquinas. He asks the question, â€Å"If we are not just pure spirits, what are we after death? † (Aquinas). Well, the soul retains its identity when it separated from the body. It is the relationship to the body that individualizes the soul. The soul has a transcendental relationship to the body. This means that the relationship goes beyond time and space. I think that this relationship, the transcendental relationship between the soul and the body begins when the body ends. This relationship continues and is celebrated in a cemetery. The soul continues on after the body has passed away. Another question that Aquinas answers is the ever important, â€Å"Is the human soul incorruptible? † (Aquinas). Yes, the human soul is immortal, and incorruptible. It will live forever, past the life of the body. Man has a natural desire for immortality; and though it may not happen with the matter or body, it will happen with the soul. The soul is not composed of matter it is a pure act, without matter. I think that a cemetery is a way to get people who visit to think about these things. A cemetery is supposed to be a reassurance about a loved one that is lost. They are still alive, just not in body form. When I think about this now, I wonder why I never thought about this before. Now that I think about it, it makes me think about why a cemetery is actually a relaxing place to be. When you put the pieces of the puzzle together, it all makes sense. After my visit to the cemetery, it opened my eyes to a new way to view the way life is lived. This experience was very uplifting. At first, I wasn’t so sure why a visit to the cemetery would give me any benefit. I guess that I was wrong. I have contradicting thoughts about the cemetery, for example, I feel that it is a waste of a large amount of land and I also think that it is a relaxing place to go. The weird thing is that both of these statements are true. We could build a place that is relaxing, that maybe isn’t so large that still serves the same function that a cemetery does. If one were to make a pros and cons list, a cemetery will serve more pros then cons. The only way that I realized this is with this assignment. But with the assignment, I understand what I am supposed to get out of life better than what I did before my visit. Before my visit to the cemetery I believed that you were just supposed to live a long happy life, and that was about it. Be happy everyday, and enjoy life as it is handed to you. I didn’t really think twice about what was going to happen after my life is over. But, after my visit to the cemetery, my thoughts staggered in a whole new direction. I started to think long term, and how I would feel when my time came to ‘go’. Sure, you are supposed to live your life to the fullest, but is that the only thing you are supposed to think about? What about your soul? What about that connection? These are the questions that ran through my mind after my visit to the cemetery. From this experience I think that I can honestly say that I have delved deeper into the meaning of life. When looking around the cemetery, I started to think about all the people that have come and gone through and that all that are still here, the deceased. What can death tell us about the individual? Is it just what is written on the head stones? Or is it something more? I think death gives us a glance upon the individual as a whole. Although it is hard to know all of the accomplishments that someone has achieved if you didn’t know them or one of their family members. I think that it is interesting that the people that are buried in the Benedictine University cemetery are people of stature. But eventually it won’t matter what or who you were, because all of our bodies are going to end up the same way. Our souls do not have a hierarchy, but it seems that our bodies do. This is another point that death helped me recognize. Overall, what does the meaning of life mean? Is it just a cycle that happens to everyone? Born then gone again? I’m sure society doesn’t see it like that. Birth is viewed as a beautiful thing, a miracle. But death is horrible. Something that is tragic. But I think that death is thought of as horrible because of the many misconceptions that surround it. The soul is immortal, so the only thing that is dying is the house that connects the soul and the body. We still live on past our body expiration date, but I don’t think that everyone realizes this. It is important that we shed light on these ideas about death so that it isn’t seen as such a horrible thing. It is sad yes, but horrible in every sense? No, not at all. Life is important, but the opposite end, death, is just as important. I think that we must understand death to understand life. Both go hand in hand and everyone in this world experiences both life and death, whether they are positive or negative. There are pros and cons for everything and both must be looked at in order to maintain a healthy state of mind when experiencing either one.

Penn Foster Journal Enteries

That decomposing bodies can bring disease. Many religions turned such b when church and state were homogeneous. Modern medicinal technology allows for the harvesting of organs from a corpse, and the successful implantation of that organ into a living human being. Why is that worse than letting that same organ decompose? Treating our dead with respect and reverence is a beautiful characteristic of any society. By honoring the dead we are cherishing the memory of our loved ones, following paradigms of our various belief systems, and honoring the radiations of previous generations.None of those are time valued traditions hold their value if we do not put a higher value on our living than our dead. Our societies need to move forward, and let go of archaic belief systems that hinder our society and hold our citizens health hostage. Reflect If feel that my attitude to writing is relatively the same. My knowledge about writing though has increased substantially throughout this process.I fee l a lot of growth has happened as I have made my way through this Journey. I know a little bit more about my writing style. I have also learned many essay writing techniques that will prove invaluable as I continue my academic and professional careers. I think I could improve as a writer, by being more patient and allowing more time for my ideas to form. Some I am very thankful for the educational opportunity the English module at Penn Foster College has provided.

Macbeth’ explores ambition and its consequences Essay

‘Macbeth’ explores ambition and its consequences and I am going to show how he successfully portrays this exploration and where in the play examples of this can be found. In scene three of act one, the witches for the second time in the play are seen. This time they are bragging about their unnatural actions and their powers over the human world. Macbeth and Banquo appear on what Macbeth describes as an unusually, â€Å"†¦foul and fair day.† A foul day would be commenting on the weather but a fair day since they have just been triumphant in a defeat in battle. This description of the day by Macbeth could also mean something else too. It could also represent what is about to happen as well. Fair prophecies are to be told soon, but at the same time they may turn out to be foul. When Macbeth and Banquo confront the witches, they are unsure of what or who they are. Unsure of whether they are mortal or immortal due to the things they are saying and how they appear since they have beards like men. This can be seen when Banquo says, â€Å"†¦What are these,/ So withered, and so wild in their attire,/ That not look like th’ inhabitants o’ th’ earth,/ And yet on’t? Live you, or are you aught/ That man may question? You seem to understand/ By each at once her choppy finger laying/ Upon her skinny lips. You should be women,/ And yet your beards forbid me to interpret/ That you are so.† Then each of the witches hail Macbeth in three different ways. The first is Thane of Glamis. The second witch, Thane of Cawdor. The third witch hails Macbeth and speaks of him as King of Scotland thereafter. Banquo then questions the witches as to what they have to say to him. The first two witches build up to the third witch’s comment that Banquo’s descendants will be kings. After this, Macbeth begins to question the witches for more information as to how these prophesies are to come true and how they know this information. All of a sudden the witches vanish into thin air leaving Banquo and Macbeth to talk about what has just happened and what has been said. Ross and Angus (two of Macbeth’s men) arrive and tell Macbeth of his elevation to Thane of Cawdor, and that the former thane is to be executed for treason. Macbeth and Banquo are in disbelief after being told this since what the witches have told them is really happening. Macbeth is now intent in believing he is to be king due to this occurrence of him becoming Thane of Cawdor. Banquo warns Macbeth that evil is at work even though such good things are being predicted and happening. Banquo is sure there is something sinister behind it all. Macbeth doesn’t want to hear what Banquo is telling him and begins to imagine what King of Scotland would mean for him. Macbeth and Banquo decide to let future take care of itself and agree to discuss this matter at a more convenient time. It is already clear that the two men aren’t in agreement about the situation. Macbeth believes what the witches have told them, since part of what they have already said has come true. Banquo on the other hand is doubtful about what is happening and believes something evil and sinister is happening. Banquo is thinking logically and being very conscious about the current situation. Already ambition and temptation is effecting Macbeth’s actions and thoughts. Doubtfulness and a disagreement in opinion is the only thing challenging their relationship so far but it could get a lot worse. At this point the reader may feel that Banquo is trying to tell Macbeth to not read too deeply into these prophecies told by the witches since they are believed to be evil by him. But on the other hand Banquo may be regarded as jealous towards Macbeth about his good fortunes that are occurring. I think Banquo being regarded as jealous, is thought of more by Macbeth rather than the reader. Macbeth may see Banquo as a threat since his descendants may challenge Macbeth’s position in years to come when he believes he shall be king of Scotland. Macbeth’s ambition within this scene has not yet caused consequences but may do in later scenes to come. When Macbeth enters and Lady Macbeth explains to him what her plans are of killing the king Macbeth does not appear as enthusiastic about the idea and is hesitant. He immediately explains that Duncan will be departing next day. But Lady Macbeth simply says that he shall not see tomorrow and to leave the plans to her. It is understandable for Macbeth not to be all that enthusiastic about the idea of killing the king due to many aspects. These aspects include, Duncan being a relative of Macbeth’s, the potential of being caught, and also a matter of killing someone just to steal a title which belongs to an ally of his. Ambition from Lady Macbeth seems to be a threat towards Macbeth. Her violent, blistering soliloquies in act one, scene five, testify to her strength of will, which completely eclipses that of her husband. The witches are the cause of Lady Macbeth’s actions and ideas. Their prophecies have so far influenced both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, although Lady Macbeth considerably more so at this point within the play. In scene six Duncan arrives at Macbeth’s castle and is greeted warmly by Lady Macbeth. A very false greeting since the thoughts and ideas running through her mind are far more different than what she is expressing to Duncan in greeting him. This is false sense of security from Lady Macbeth towards Duncan. Ambition is feeding this false sense of security from Lady Macbeth towards Duncan since this is part of her plan to kill the king. Scene seven begins with Macbeth debating to himself the options he has in murdering or not murdering Duncan. He says that the deed would be easy if he could be certain that it would not set in motion a series of terrible consequences. He then considers the reasons why he ought not to kill Duncan. The reasons include: Macbeth is Duncan’s kinsman, subject and host. For someone to be related to and host someone else, then murder them is seen upon as inconceivable. He then comes to the decision to not kill Duncan since the only thing to ‘drive’ his actions of killing the king would be his ambition, which he sees as an unreliable guide. Lady Macbeth is now expressing outrage towards Macbeth and trying to gain sympathy from him towards her since she has just told him that he is not providing her with enough love just because he won’t kill Duncan. This is a very desperate resort that further expresses Lady Macbeth’s character towards the audience. Ambition is driving her evil actions. As Macbeth begins to waver after Lady Macbeth’s insults towards him, she then explains her plan. Immediately after she has explained her plan, Macbeth is surprised by her well thought out plan and her boldness/attitude. He then decides to proceed with the murder. Lady Macbeth’s attitude and ambition is influencing Macbeth to such an extent as to change his feelings and ideas towards the subject. This emphasises the power of ambition expressed from one person towards another. The witches’ prophecises and Lady Macbeth’s ambition together have made Macbeth’s ideas and opinions change complete ly. In act two, scene 1, Banquo and Fleance are walking along the hall way of Macbeth’s castle. Banquo tells his son, Fleance, about him being unable to sleep properly due to cursed thoughts and dreams. This shows that the three witches are having an effect upon Banquo. When Banquo and his son are confronted by Macbeth in the hall way, Banquo speaks of the witches telling some truth. Macbeth replies in an innocent way and says, â€Å"I think not of them./ Yet when we can entreat an hour to serve,/ We would spend it in some words upon that business†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Macbeth is telling Banquo a blatant lie about his thoughts and feelings about the witches. Macbeth tells Banquo that he has thought nothing of them since the night they both confronted them. They then both agree to talk about the subject of the witches and their prophecies at a later time. Lady Macbeth’s plans have made Macbeth lie to his own friend and a great friend of that who he fought with side by side in battle. If Macbeth had told Banquo the truth in that he had been thinking about the witches a lot of the time, Banquo may suspect something when the king is killed in Macbeth’s own home and then Macbeth becomes king! Banquo’s knowledge of the witches’ prophecy makes him both a potential ally and a potential threat to Macbeth’s plotting. For now, Macbeth seems distrustful of Banquo and pretends to have hardly thought of the witches, but Macbeth’s desire to discuss the prophecies at some future time suggests that he may have some sort of conspiratorial plans in mind. The appearance of Fleance, Banquo’s son, serves as a reminder of the witches’ prediction that Banquo’s children will sit on the throne of Scotland. We realize that if Macbeth succeeds in the murder of Duncan, he will be driven to still more violence before his crown is secure, and Fleance will be in immediate and mortal danger. Ambition and determination from both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth will drive someone to killing Fleance or Banquo or even both at some point since these characters are potential threats in preventing Macbeth to remaining king of Scotland. As soon as Macbeth and Fleance depart and leave Macbeth alone, Macbeth imagines that he sees a dagger leading/pointing him in the direction to Duncan’s room. Macbeth tries to grasp the weapon and fails. He wonders whether what he sees is real or a, â€Å"A dagger of the mind, a false creation,/ Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain?† Macbeth decides that the vision of the dagger was simply a manifestation of his unease over killing Duncan. It is obvious that Macbeth is not overly confident nor enthusiastic about the matter of murdering Duncan but his ‘lover’ has literally forced him into this position through mockery and ambition. As Macbeth hears the signal of the bell rung by Lady Macbeth he heads off to the king’s room and commits the murder and says, â€Å"I go, and it is done./ The bell invites me./ Hear it not Duncan, for it is knell/ That summons thee to heaven or to hell.† This is Macbeth’s concluding speech before going on t o commit the murder of Duncan. In act two at the beginning of scene one, Lady Macbeth is waiting for Macbeth to return, is found contemplating to herself about drugging the king’s guards and congratulating herself as to how bold she is to carry out such actions. She also asks herself what gave her such courage, evil or sinister spirits perhaps as she asked for earlier on in the play? She says this at the beginning of scene two act one, â€Å"That which hath made them drunk hath made me bold;/ What hath quenched them hath given me fire./ Hark! Peace!† She obviously doesn’t want anyone else to hear what she is saying since she appears startled when Macbeth enters. Macbeth appears dazed and obsessed with thoughts of damnation after committing the murder. Lady Macbeth notices the blood drenched daggers within the hands of Macbeth’s. She tells him to pull himself together after this dreadful mistake and also shouting, â€Å"Who’s there? What ho!† Lady Macbeth warns Macbeth that he may have woken the guards after that silly act of shouting and tells him to return the daggers to the guards as planned. Macbeth refuses and so Lady Macbeth places the daggers next to the guards herself. Effects of shock and disbelief are gradually setting into Macbeth and this can be seen by his type of language spoken. This can be seen when Lady Macbeths tells him to return the daggers and he replies, â€Å"I’ll go no more./ I am afraid to think what I have done./ Look on’t again I dare not.† Macbeth appears to be unable to face up to what he has done, not even to himself, and is ashamed of himself after carrying out the murder. He is in shock and in denial over the whole situation. Macbeth appears scared and frightened of his own actions and all of this because ambition from Lady Macbeth and Macbeth. As the two go to wash their hands and prepare to get changed into their night clothes there is a knocking on the door of the castle and the murderer and his accomplice frantically get changed so to enable no one to suspect them as the possible murderers. The effect on Lady Macbeth after her trip into Duncan’s bedroom is particularly striking. She claims that she would have killed Duncan herself except that he resembled her father sleeping. This is the first time Lady Macbeth shows herself to be at all vulnerable. Her comparison of Duncan to her father suggests that despite her desire for power and her harsh chastisement of Macbeth, she sees her king as an authority figure to which she must be loyal. Also after the murdering of Duncan an important aspect to remember is that physical evidence can be washed away, like the blood to be washed off the skin of the hands, but emotional and mental feelings cannot be so easily removed and disposed of. This can be seen a little later in the play when Macbeth begins to act disturbingly and struggles to hold in his feelings. In the first scene of act three, Banquo is summing up the current situation. He has now witnessed two of the witches prophecies coming true, why not the next? If the next prophecy comes true that means Banquo’s descendants shall become king. Ambition and hope is now feeding Banquo’s motivation towards believing that the next prophecy shall come true. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are now attempting to put Banquo’s mind at ease by inviting him to a feast. Doing this they hope to prevent Banquo getting suspicious about the murder of Duncan and so not think it was Macbeth and Lady Macbeth who were involved in the murder. If they both tried to avoid any sort of contact with Banquo, it would seem suspicious and suspect since he is such a good friend of Macbeth’s. Macbeth goes onto tell Banquo that they must discuss the problem of Malcom and Donalbain fleeing and therefore possibly intending to plot against the crown. So far, Macbeth is covering is guilt very successfully and appearing genuine and true towards Banquo. A false sense of security is given from Macbeth towards Banquo. When Banquo departs, Macbeth remains on stage and begins a soliloquy. The soliloquy is of Macbeth’s thoughts about Banquo and the threat he holds with Fleance too. He speaks of how he may have killed Duncan only for their sake in the future to come. He fears killing Duncan has assisted them in becoming king a lot sooner than Macbeth wants. Macbeth’s best friend is now is worst threat. Banquo and Fleance are a great threat towards Macbeth’s position of kingship. Macbeth’s and his Lady’s ambition for wanting everything and nothing but the best in kingship is beginning to have its consequences. Macbeth now knows he must get rid of both Banquo and Fleance so to prevent any such threat remaining towards Macbeth and his position as king of Scotland. He speaks with two murderers to whom he had already spoken the day before, assuring them that their misfortunes are Banquo’s fault. He tries to urge them to take revenge upon Banquo and his family. He tries to persuade the two murderers that if they carry the intended job out, that then proves them to be ‘real’ men. They agree to the proposed job Macbeth is telling them to do and he stresses to kill both of them, Banquo and Fleance. Macbeth is now needing more people killed (to feed his ambition and determination in becoming king) although not carrying the offence out himself. This may be due to the fact that killing Duncan is taking effect and that Macbeth can not bear to kill another friend of his just for his good. This killing is an act of selfishness, greediness and desperation. He may not be carrying out the murder himself because he feels he is unable to kill such a dear friend and a friend he has fought side by side with in battle. He also may not want to murder Banquo and Fleance because it may appear suspicious if another murder occurs and no witnesses available to say where Macbeth was at the time. If people know where Macbeth is, they cannot suspect him of being guilty for the murder. Macbeth doesn’t want to risk being caught by anyone and so has appoint these two men to do the job for him. Macbeth has no hesitation in killing Banquo and Fleance, which shows his ambition and determination is driving his actions. Macbeth’s conscience is no longer a part of his decisions he makes. Ambition appears to have replaced common sense. He is organising the death of one of his best friends and his friend’s son just so he can remain as king. It’s hard to believe that the murders Macbeth is responsible for (in carrying out and planning) have all been down to prophecies told and Macbeth’s and Lady Macbeth’s ambition and determination in making the prophecies happen. Macbeth now appears more able and independent, since Lady Macbeth has had no say in the plan of killing Banquo and Fleance, that we are aware of. Lady Macbeth’s ambition and determination earlier on in killing Duncan is now consequently making Macbeth more determined to remain king. This is an awful consequence due to the fact that innocent friends and relatives of Macbeth’s are dying just so Macbeth and Lady Macbeth can preserve their hierarchal status. These are very selfish and ambitious ways of keeping it their own way, the way they want it to be. In scene two, act three, Lady Macbeth is urging Macbeth to put the past behind him due to being uneasy about how Macbeth is. Macbeth hints that he has a plan that is intended to be carried out that evening. He gives no details but he believes she will approve of his plans and actions. Macbeth, through Lady Macbeth’s eyes, is now appearing to be in full control of making sure that he remains king and she remains queen of Scotland. It is clear that Lady Macbeth is uneasy about it, but she covers her feelings when around Macbeth. After all it was her motivation and ambition that has made Macbeth what he is now both king but at the same time a ruthless killer if needs be just to hold the current position of king. It is clear now that Macbeth’s ambition is feeding his motivation. In scene four, this is where it all starts to go wrong for Macbeth and for Lady Macbeth too. Macbeth learns that only Banquo was murdered and Fleance escaped from the attempt at killing both. Macbeth is angered at this result and tells himself, â€Å"There the grown serpent lies;/ the worm that’s fled Hath nature that in time will venom breed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He basically talks of how Banquo (the grown serpent) lies dead but the younger and growing boy, Fleance (the worm) is still at large and later in life he will pose a threat. Shakespeare refers to the pair as snakes and worms due to the fact that they can strike at any time and are hard to kill or catch. This sums up Fleance perfectly since he could strike at any time and therefore pose a threat, and also is hard to kill. This is disastrous for Macbeth and Lady Macbeth because it is Fleance that must be killed since he is the main threat towards Macbeth’s kingship. If Banquo survived suspicions would arise, but with Banquo dead and Fleance still alive, suspicions are still going to occur and also the threat is still at large for Macbeth and his lady. As the banquet begins and Macbeth sits down with his friends to eat he finds a ghost of Banquo sat in his seat. Invisible to anyone else at the banquet, Macbeth begins to talk to the ghost in the chair although through the eyes of the people attending the banquet it would appear to be Macbeth talking to a chair. If he starts saying too much he may give away information about murders that they have planned and carried out to the other guests. The side effects of the deception, ambition and lies are now beginning to take effect on Macbeth. He is hallucinating images of his victim which means he is worrying about the matter a great deal. All this is a consequence of over ambitious actions carried out by both Lady Macbeth and Macbeth himself. Shakespeare fundamentally shows ambition in two different ways in ‘Macbeth’. He shows how ambition can have dreadful consequences and how it can ruin your life. In Macbeth’s case he dies which is the ultimate price to pay for his ambition and attempting to change nature’s course. Shakespeare also shows ambition as a good thing through Banquo’s actions as he stays level headed and lives life each day at a time. Banquo and his role in ‘Macbeth’ represent the better side of ambition but Macbeth represents the worst side of ambition. Ambition is generally looked upon as a good aspect to a person, but Shakespeare successfully shows how ambition can be both good and bad and what consequences can occur if you have too much of it in ‘Macbeth’.

Claude Monet's The Houses of Parliament in the Fog Essay

Claude Monet's The Houses of Parliament in the Fog - Essay Example His beautiful work of art has created a sense of desire and calmness is the minds of views all over the world. To know art is to know Claude Monet. It is very clear that Monet has a knack for painting. Born on November 14th 1840, Claude Monet was a founder of French impressionist painting, and he was also the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement’s philosophy of expressing ones perceptions before nature. He was the second son of Claude-Adolphe and Louise-Justine Aubre Monet both of them second-generation Parisians. On May 20th, 1841, he was baptized in the local parish church, Notre-Dame-de-Lorette as Oscar Claude. (Wikipedia). While growing up his father wanted him to go into the family grocery store business but Claude Monet wanted to become an artist. On April first of 1851, Monet entered the Le Havre secondary school of the Arts. His first and most locally known paintings were his charcoal caricatures which he would sell for ten to twenty francs. Monet also undertook his first drawing lessons from Jacques-Franà §ois Ochard, a former student of Jacques-Louis David (Wikipedia) After the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War (July 19, 1870), Monet took refuge in England in September 1870. While there, he studied the words of John Constable and Joseph Mallord William Turner, both of whose landscapes would serve to inspire Monet’s innovations in the study of color. In the spring of 1871, Monet’s works were effused to be included in the Royal Academy exhibition (Wikipedia). After several difficult months following the death of Camille (Monet’s wife), a grief stricken Monet (resolving never to be mired in poverty again) began in earnest to create some of his best paintings of the 19th century. During the early 1880’s Monet painted several groups of landscapes and seascapes in what he considered to be campaigns to document the French countryside. His extensive

Biology Genetics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Biology Genetics - Essay Example Ito ET. al. (1996) and Ryner et. al. (1996) shared that, sex differences in mating behavior and male sexual behavior among the Drosophila may be attributed to a single gene. Fru gene is created out of spliced transcripts from four distinct promoters. Lee et. al. (2000) added that, FruM is manifested in w2% of neurons in the Central Nervous System of male. These neurons are arranged into 21 distinct clusters in several regions of the ventral ganglia and brain, including some of the areas or regions implicated in male sexual behavior. Similarly, the complex behaviors of insects are related to the organization of their nervous system; the neural pathways from sensory to motor circuits must be properly explored to understand their behaviors; and focused also in the body electrophysiological nature (Lee, 2000). The male P1 transcripts according to Demir & Dickson (2005), encode male-specific proteins (FruM) which are both important and sufficient for male sexual behavior. The aforemention ed literatures and those which were cited under the discussions and implications are quite reliable which supported the study. This research postulated that there are several fruGAL4-expressing neurons which are interconnected in a circuit and are involved in male sexual behavior. This circuit can be named accordingly: Sensory, central, and motor components. Basically, the study is directed towards exploration o... It also intended to assess whether "fruGAL4 reproduces the endogenous pattern of fru P1 transcripts". To achieve these, the proponents conducted gene targeting for labeling and manipulation of neurons, whereby they particularly add the GAL4 exposed reading frame to the fru P1 transcripts. In other words, various GAL4-responsive UAS transgenes were utilized. In fact, they also have stained brains and anterior nerve cords from fruGAL4, UAS-nlacZ heterozygous males with anti- "-galactosidase (anti-"-gal) and anti- FruM antibodies. The membrane tethered GFP reporter (UAS-mCD8-GFP) was utilized to closely observe the actual projection patterns of fruGAL4 neurons among the males and to find out for the potential differences in these projections among the females. Aside from this, to find out whether fru GAL4 ORNs work in male courtship behavior, an FLP-in strategy analogous to that one being used for their anatomical characterization was employed.Single-pair courtship assays were also prep ared, in which males of these genotypes were joined to the wild-type virgin females. These assays were carried out in the dark in order to get rid of any visual cues that might affect or influence courtship, thereby increasing the male's reliance on chemosensory cues. Behavioral Assays, Immunohistochemistry and FLP-in-Silencing Constructs are all very powerful methods and fitted for the study. If we take a closer look on the assumptions and methods presented, the authors considered the classical as well as updated theories and principles for its variables. Thus, a very strong theoretical basis in the pursuit of the approaches or methods used has been established. Approaches utilized are congruent to the expected outcomes.